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Aluminum and Alzheimer's Disease

4/12/2021

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Aluminum Is Intricately Associated with the Neuropathology of Familial Alzheimer’s Disease
​APRIL 9, 2021
Keele, UK – A new study published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease Reports continues to support a growing body of evidence that aluminum contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Researchers found aluminum co-located with phosphorylated tau protein, which is an early initiator of AD. This study builds upon two earlier published studies (including Mold et al., 2020, Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease) from the same group. The new data demonstrate that aluminum is co-located with phosphorylated tau protein, present as tangles within neurons in the brains of early-onset or familial Alzheimer’s disease. “The presence of these tangles is associated with neuronal cell death, and observations of aluminum in these tangles may highlight a role for aluminum in their formation,” explained lead investigator Matthew John Mold, PhD, Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.


The earlier research highlighted widespread co-localization of aluminum and amyloid-β in brain tissue in familial AD. The researchers used a highly-selective method of immunolabelling in the current study, combined with aluminum-specific fluorescence microscopy. Phosphorylated tau in tangles co-located with aluminum in the brain tissue of the same cohort of Colombian donors with familial AD were identified. “It is of interest and perhaps significance with respect to aluminum’s role in AD that its unequivocal association with tau is not as easily recognizable as with amyloid-β. There are many more aggregates of aluminum with amyloid-β than with tau in these tissues and the latter are predominantly intracellular,” remarked co-author, Professor Christopher Exley.



George Perry, PhD, Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, comments: “Aluminum accumulation has been associated with Alzheimer’s disease for nearly half a century, but it is the meticulously specific studies of Drs. Mold and Exley that are defining the exact molecular interaction of aluminum and other multivalent metals that may be critical to formation of the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease.”
“The new data may suggest that the association of aluminum with extracellular senile plaques precedes that with intracellular aggregates of tau. These relationships with both amyloid-β and tau may account for the high levels of aluminum observed in the brain tissue of donors with familial AD versus those without a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease,” said Dr. Mold. “Tau and amyloid-beta are known to act in synergy to produce neurotoxicity in AD and our data provide new evidence for a role of aluminum in this process.”
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Picture
The image shows aluminum (orange) in a neuron in a donor’s brain tissue with familial AD. The same neuron revealed positive immunostaining (brown) for phosphorylated tau (pTau). Merging these images showed that aluminum and pTau are co-located inside the same cell.
​https://www.iospress.nl/ios_news/aluminum-is-intricately-associated-with-the-neuropathology-of-familial-alzheimers-disease/?utm_source=join1440&utm_medium=email
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Here's When VA Disability, Social Security, SSI Recipients Will Get Their $1,400 Stimulus Checks

4/7/2021

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1 Apr 2021
The Penny Hoarder | By Robin HartillIf you receive VA disability pay, Social Security or SSI and you haven't received your third stimulus check, your wait is almost over. The IRS just announced that payments to those receiving VA disability could be made in mid-April, while most payments for people who receive other federal benefits and aren't required to file a tax return will be made Wednesday, April 7.
The April 7 payment date applies to those who get benefits from Social Security retirement and disability, Supplemental Security Income and the Railroad Retirement System. A payment date for those who get VA benefits hasn't yet been announced.
Why Are VA Disability and Social Security Recipients Still Waiting?
If you file a tax return and receive benefits, chances are good that you're among the 127 million Americans who have already gotten their $1,400 stimulus checks. But about 30 million recipients of Social Security and other benefits are still waiting on stimulus money.
That's because the IRS is processing stimulus payments using 2019 and 2020 tax returns. But just as with the first two rounds of payments, the IRS didn't require recipients of Social Security and other benefits to file a tax return if they weren't otherwise required to. Instead, the IRS got the information it needed from the appropriate agency.
This time around, the IRS was waiting on Social Security and other agencies to provide updated direct deposit information and addresses for recipients. On March 25, after the House Ways and Means Committee issued a 24-hour ultimatum, the Social Security Administration provided the updated information. The VA and Railroad Retirement System provided the information earlier last week.
For recipients of VA benefits, the IRS news release announcing payment dates says: "The IRS continues to review data received for Veterans Affairs (VA) benefit recipients and expects to determine a payment date and provide more details soon. Currently, the IRS estimates that Economic Impact Payments for VA beneficiaries who do not regularly file tax returns could be disbursed by mid-April."
Do I Have to Do Anything to Get My Check?
Probably not. If you received the first two checks, you're probably in line to get this one, too. The only thing you can do right now is wait.
One exception: If you have dependents, you may need to file a tax return, because the IRS may not get dependent information directly from Social Security or another agency. This time around, you'll get $1,400 for each dependent, regardless of their age. If you have dependent children, submitting a return could also help you get a child tax credit of $3,600 for children younger than 6 or $3,000 for children 17 and younger.
You may not receive money on behalf of your dependent with your check. If you don't get it with your check, the IRS will send you the extra money once it processes your return.
You can expect to receive your third stimulus check however you get your federal benefits, either through direct deposit or a Direct Express Debit Mastercard. If you've closed the bank account the IRS has on file, your bank will reject the deposit and you'll get your payment in the mail.
Can I Track My Stimulus Check Yet?
If you receive federal benefits and don't file a tax return, not yet. The IRS Get My Payment tool will be updated the weekend of April 3-4 for benefit recipients who are getting paid on April 7.
The information is updated once a day. Avoid multiple log-ins, as you may get locked out for 24 hours.
This article was originally published by The Penny Hoarder.

https://www.military.com/daily-news/2021/04/01/heres-when-va-disability-social-security-ssi-recipients-will-get-their-1400-stimulus-checks.html?ESRC=army_210406nl

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